Learn more about the vertebrae of the spine.

There are 24 moveable vertebrae and four sections of the human spine.

Below are tabs that identify with the four sections of the spine as labeled in the adjacent image. Click on the bar below to expand that section to learn more about that section's subluxation related conditions

*Information published in Gray's Anatomy, 30th Edition, Page 5.

Cervical Vertebrae

C1
(Atlas)

Blood supply to the head, pituitary gland, scalp, bones of the face, brain, inner and middle ear, sympathetic nervous system.

Headaches, nervousness, insomnia, head colds, high blood pressure, migraine headaches, nervous breakdowns, amnesia, chronic tiredness, dizziness.

C2
(Axis)

Eyes, optic nerves, auditory nerves, sinuses, mastoid bones, tongue, forehead.

Sinus trouble, allergies, pain around the eyes, earache, fainting spells, certain cases of blindness, crossed eyes, deafness.

C3

Cheeks, outer ear, face bones, teeth, Trifacial nerve.

Neuralgia, neuritis, acne or pimples, eczema.

C4

Nose, lips, mouth, Eustachian tube.

Hay fever, runny nose, hearing loss, adenoids.

C5

Vocal cords, neck glands, pharynx.

Laryngitis, hoarseness, throat conditions such as sore throat or quinsy.

C6

Neck muscles, shoulders, tonsils.

Stiff neck, pain in upper arm, tonsillitis, chronic cough, croup.

C7

Thyroid gland, bursa in the shoulders, elbows.

Bursitis, colds, thyroid conditions.

Thoracic Vertebrae

T1

Arms from the elbows down, including hands, wrists, and fingers, esophagus and trachea.

Asthma, cough, difficult breathing, shortness of breath, pain in lower arms and hands.

T2

Heart, including heart valves and covering, coronary arteries.

Functional heart conditions and certain chest conditions.

T3

Lungs, bronchial tubes, pleura, chest, breast.

Bronchitis, pleurisy, pneumonia, congestion, influenza.

T4

Gallbladder, common duct.

Gallbladder conditions, jaundice, shingles.

T5

Liver, Solar plexus, general circulation.

Liver conditions, fevers, blood pressure problems, poor circulation, arthritis.

T6

Stomach.

Stomach troubles, including: nervous stomach, indigestion, heartburn, dyspepsia.

T7

Pancreas, duodenum.

Ulcers, gastritis.

T8

Spleen.

Lowered resistance.

T9

Adrenal and suprarenal glands.

Allergies, hives.

T10

Kidneys.

Kidney troubles, hardening of the arteries, chronic tiredness, nephritis, pyelitis.

T11

Kidneys, ureters.

Skin conditions, such as acne, pimples, eczema or boils.

T12

Small intestines, lymph circulation.

Rheumatism, gas pains, certain types of sterility.

Lumbar Vertebrae

L1

Large intestines, inguinal rings

Constipation, colitis, dysentery, diarrhea, some ruptures and hernias

L2

Appendix, abdomen, upper leg

Cramps, difficult breathing, minor varicose veins

L3

Sex organs, uterus, bladder, knees

Bladder troubles, painful or irregular menstrual cycles, miscarriages, bed-wetting, impotency, change of life symptoms, many knee pains

L4

Prostate gland, muscles of the lower back, sciatic nerve

Sciatica, lumbago, difficult, painful or too frequent urination, backaches

L5

Lower legs, ankles, feet

Poor circulation in the legs, swollen ankles, weak ankles and arches, cold feet, weakness in the legs, leg cramps

Sacrum & Coccyx

Sacrum

Hip bones and buttocks

Sacroiliac conditions, spinal curvatures

Coccyx

Rectum and anus

Hemorrhoids (piles), pruritus (itching), pain at end of spine when sitting

*Information published in Gray's Anatomy, 30th Edition, Page 5